{"id":1060,"date":"2020-12-14T02:06:48","date_gmt":"2020-12-14T07:06:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nyujournalismprojects.org\/gdjfall20\/?p=1060"},"modified":"2020-12-14T02:13:00","modified_gmt":"2020-12-14T07:13:00","slug":"covid-19-in-new-mexico-its-almost-criminal-to-let-native-americans-die-at-such-a-high-rate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nyujournalismprojects.org\/gdjfall20\/index.php\/2020\/12\/14\/covid-19-in-new-mexico-its-almost-criminal-to-let-native-americans-die-at-such-a-high-rate\/","title":{"rendered":"Covid-19  in New Mexico: \u201cIt\u2019s almost criminal to let [Native Americans] die at such a high rate\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">As the country braced for a second wave of COVID-19 cases, the rates at which Indian American and Alaskan Natives were being impacted became alarming.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">In New Mexico, a state where this part of the population is only about 11% of the state total, they accounted for 21.50% of all COVID-19 cases by early November, according to data from the COVID Tracking Project.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The numbers become even more chilling when looking at the total number of deaths, as the percentage of Native American and Alaska Natives (AIAN) was almost half (44.66%). Even by national standards, that is notably high: the US average number of COVID-19 AIAN deaths per 100 people is 95, but that number jumps to 332 when looking at New Mexico alone.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cI feel like it\u2019s almost criminal to let them die at such a high rate,\u201d Jagdish Khubchandani, Professor of Public Health at New Mexico State University said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Rate of COVIF-19 related AIAN Deaths per 100,000 people in different states. New Mexico has the secong highest rate (332) of the states that report this data, preceded only by Mississipi (682). Data from the COVID Tracking Project (13\/12\/2020).<\/em><\/p>\n<div class='tableauPlaceholder' id='viz1607929787096' style='position: relative'><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https:&#47;&#47;public.tableau.com&#47;static&#47;images&#47;QM&#47;QMHD6MX7R&#47;1_rss.png' style='border: none' \/><\/a><\/noscript><object class='tableauViz'  style='display:none;'><param name='host_url' value='https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F' \/><param name='embed_code_version' value='3' \/><param name='path' value='shared&#47;QMHD6MX7R' \/><param name='toolbar' value='yes' \/><param name='static_image' value='https:&#47;&#47;public.tableau.com&#47;static&#47;images&#47;QM&#47;QMHD6MX7R&#47;1.png' \/><param name='animate_transition' value='yes' \/><param name='display_static_image' value='yes' \/><param name='display_spinner' value='yes' \/><param name='display_overlay' value='yes' \/><param name='display_count' value='yes' \/><param name='language' value='pt' \/><\/object><\/div>\n<p>                <script type='text\/javascript'>                    var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1607929787096');                    var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0];                    vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height=(divElement.offsetWidth*0.75)+'px';                    var scriptElement = document.createElement('script');                    scriptElement.src = 'https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/javascripts\/api\/viz_v1.js';                    vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement);                <\/script><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Systemic issues that lead to poor healthcare and lack of access to basic services have put these communities at a disadvantage from the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cPandemics are not made in a day. Pandemics are made in decades. And preparedness is also not done in a day,\u201d Khubchandani said. \u201c[New Mexico] was a poor state before the pandemic, with such a diverse population that had chronically underfunded health systems. I think what we have is the sin of the past punishing us now. We have never prepared to deal with the pandemic nationwide.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Abigail Echo-Hawk, M.A., Director of the Urban Indian Health Institute (UIHI) and chief research officer of Seattle Indian Health Board has been advocating for the importance of better systems of data collection about American Indian and Alaska Native communities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cWe have seen an underinvestment of public health systems and public health surveillance systems for many many years and we are seeing what happens when you don\u2019t invest in public health,\u201d Echo-Hawk said. \u201cI feel like screaming about this for more than twenty years because we knew this kind of impact was happening in our communities, and for the very first time people are finally acknowledging it.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">The data for New Mexico seems alarming, but Echo-Hawk paints a graver picture. The actual amount of the AIAN population affected might be even higher because of racial misclassification, which results in the underreporting of race and ethnicity data for the AIAN population. A 2014 study by the CDS and Indian Health Service (IHS) found just that: there were \u201csignificant underestimates\u201d of mortality estimates within the AIAN population.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cWhen you talk about the incredible amount of death that is showing on the current data trackers what we have to know is that is actually, in a very horrific way, a gross underreporting, because we know that death certificates are very often racially misclassified,\u201d Echo-Hawk said. \u201cThere\u2019s a very common saying for those of us that work in Indian country on data: that we are born native and we die white because we are racially misclassified on death certificates.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">This underrepresentation is a result in part of faulty racial classification systems in place in hospitals, according to Echo-Hawk.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cPeople instead of asking race and ethnicity will look at somebody who\u2019s checking into a clinic, who\u2019s come in for an appointment, being hospitalized or has died and decide what race or ethnicity they are without asking families and not asking the individual,\u201d she said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Across the US, many counties and states fall short of collecting all the health data necessary to keep track of how different communities are affected. In some cases, only a few options will be available for race \u2014 mixing all the rest together.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cThe \u2018other\u2019 category effectively hides all other racial and ethnic groups,\u201d Echo-Hawk said. \u201cI call that a trash category. It is meaningless, it shows nothing and is an excuse for jurisdictions to say \u2018well, we did our best\u2019. That is effectively creating a category that hides the disparities of racial and ethnic groups.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>The chart below shows the total numbers of cases by race in New Mexico, in early November. About <span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\"> 21.50%<\/span> were American Indian\/ Alaskan Native. Data from the COVID Tracking Project (04\/11\/2020).<\/em><\/p>\n<div class='tableauPlaceholder' id='viz1607929940019' style='position: relative'><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https:&#47;&#47;public.tableau.com&#47;static&#47;images&#47;Ca&#47;CasesNM&#47;CasesbyraceinNewMexico&#47;1_rss.png' style='border: none' \/><\/a><\/noscript><object class='tableauViz'  style='display:none;'><param name='host_url' value='https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F' \/><param name='embed_code_version' value='3' \/><param name='site_root' value='' \/><param name='name' value='CasesNM&#47;CasesbyraceinNewMexico' \/><param name='tabs' value='no' \/><param name='toolbar' value='yes' \/><param name='static_image' value='https:&#47;&#47;public.tableau.com&#47;static&#47;images&#47;Ca&#47;CasesNM&#47;CasesbyraceinNewMexico&#47;1.png' \/><param name='animate_transition' value='yes' \/><param name='display_static_image' value='yes' \/><param name='display_spinner' value='yes' \/><param name='display_overlay' value='yes' \/><param name='display_count' value='yes' \/><param name='language' value='pt' \/><\/object><\/div>\n<p>                <script type='text\/javascript'>                    var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1607929940019');                    var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0];                    vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height=(divElement.offsetWidth*0.75)+'px';                    var scriptElement = document.createElement('script');                    scriptElement.src = 'https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/javascripts\/api\/viz_v1.js';                    vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement);                <\/script><\/p>\n<p><em>The chart below shows the total numbers of deaths by race in New Mexico, in early November. About 44.66% were American Indian\/ Alaskan Native. The second most significat category is Latinx, followed by white. <\/em><em>Data from the COVID Tracking Project (04\/11\/2020).<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"viz1607332694420\" class=\"tableauPlaceholder\" style=\"position: relative;\"><noscript><a href='#'><img alt=' ' src='https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/static\/images\/CO\/COVID-19DeathsinNewMexico\/COVID-19DeathsinNewMexico\/1_rss.png' style='border: none' \/><\/a><\/noscript><object class=\"tableauViz\" style=\"display: none;\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\"><param name=\"host_url\" value=\"https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.tableau.com%2F\" \/><param name=\"embed_code_version\" value=\"3\" \/><param name=\"site_root\" value=\"\" \/><param name=\"name\" value=\"COVID-19DeathsinNewMexico\/COVID-19DeathsinNewMexico\" \/><param name=\"tabs\" value=\"no\" \/><param name=\"toolbar\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"static_image\" value=\"https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/static\/images\/CO\/COVID-19DeathsinNewMexico\/COVID-19DeathsinNewMexico\/1.png\" \/><param name=\"animate_transition\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_static_image\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_spinner\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_overlay\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"display_count\" value=\"yes\" \/><param name=\"language\" value=\"pt\" \/><param name=\"filter\" value=\"publish=yes\" \/><\/object><\/div>\n<p><script type='text\/javascript'>                    var divElement = document.getElementById('viz1607332694420');                    var vizElement = divElement.getElementsByTagName('object')[0];                    vizElement.style.width='100%';vizElement.style.height=(divElement.offsetWidth*0.75)+'px';                    var scriptElement = document.createElement('script');                    scriptElement.src = 'https:\/\/public.tableau.com\/javascripts\/api\/viz_v1.js';                    vizElement.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, vizElement);                <\/script><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">To understand the devastating effects of the pandemic on the AIAN population, Khubchandani says we have to look at both pre-causation factors and pandemic response issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u201cMuch of what\u2019s happening now with these populations and New Mexico is because of the historic underfunding and being historically marginalized,\u201d Khubchandani said. \u201cThese are people who have very poor air quality. They don\u2019t have water to wash their hands. They don\u2019t have the resources and the money to buy materials, and they are getting sicker at a younger age, dying at a younger age than the national average. In part, because they have so many medical complications (\u2026), which is related to poverty.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Pamelya Herndon, 1st Vice-President of NAACP Albuquerque branch, pointed out one single issue as one of the most impactful in the spread of COVID-19 within AIAN populations.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe biggest problem that we&#8217;ve seen with respect to the Native American population is there&#8217;s not enough running water,\u201d Herndon said.<\/p>\n<p>Data from the U.S. Census Bureau indicates that the average poverty rate in New Mexico for the past 12 months is 18.2% for the general population and 30% for 18.2%.<\/p>\n<p>A 2018 Report by the New Mexico Department of Health found that when asked about their general health status white adults (16.6%) reported a significantly lower prevalence of fair or poor health than AIAN (24.8%). The same study indicated that AIAN adults had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity (42.8%) than all other races\/ethnicities and that diagnosed diabetes was higher among AIAN (20.7%) than among White adults (9.6%).<\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">These health socio-economic disparities felt by this population are co-related to the pandemic outcomes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cThese marginalized populations are more likely to not only contract Covid but to have extreme complications and to die,\u201d Echo-Hawk said. \u201cHealth disparities are based on your socio-economic environment: Whether or not you have access to transportation, whether you have access to housing, whether or not there\u2019s been gentrification in your neighborhood, whether or not you\u2019re homeless.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Access to healthcare is harder, not only because of geographic factors, for many who live in more remote areas, but also for cultural reasons. This means many of the COVID patients from AIAN communities who reach the hospital will already be in a more severe condition.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cImagine if you have fever right now and you have to go 15 miles to see a doctor, most likely we\u2019ll just let it go,\u201d Khubchandani said. \u201cMost of them seem to be living in areas where there\u2019s no healthcare. It could be an urban neglected area or a tribal area where there\u2019s no health care. And then it\u2019s hard to reach out to the community. They have their own clanship and clan systems where they heal each other. Traditional medicine outreach has been weak.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Communication is also a major issue, Khubchandani warned. While he believes New Mexico has fared somewhat good in this aspect, there is still a lot to be desired, especially when it comes to reaching out to people living in remote areas, who for example might not have a cellphone or speak English.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cThe primary ways of communication on the Indian reservation is through radio,\u201d Herndon pointed out.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Entities such as the Indian health service, which falls within the Department of Health and Human Services, play a crucial role in this outreach, but their jobs are hindered by the resources they lack.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cThey have tried to do some word of the mouth, local flyers, and local info, but it\u2019s not been aggressive enough,\u201d Khubchandani said. \u201cThey have to be very aggressive. But that\u2019s a difficult population to reach out to.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Herndon said that there\u2019s only so much the state can do in terms of requiring certain populations to follow their protocols.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cYou have to remember that the reservations are independent nations, Herndon said. \u201dWe do we really respect the fact that we have a nation within our own community that operates independently.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">Khubchandani believes that, while it\u2019s one of the poorest states in the country, New Mexico\u2019s overall response to the pandemic, on a larger scale has been exemplary when compared to other states \u2014 especially given that it\u2019s working with very limited responses. The governor\u2019s action has been stern, taking extreme measures when needed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-preserver-spaces=\"true\">\u201cI think New Mexico again is a role model, (\u2026) given so many preexisting disadvantages, whereas I think there are places that had so much advantage and they messed up,\u201d he said. \u201cWe have hard populations to reach out to. Navajo nations are not easy to deal with. But still, they did what they could.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As the country braced for a second wave of COVID-19 cases, the rates at which Indian American and Alaskan Natives were being impacted became alarming. In New Mexico, a state where this part of the population is only about 11% of the state total, they accounted for 21.50% of all COVID-19 cases by early November, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Covid-19 in New Mexico: \u201cIt\u2019s almost criminal to let [Native Americans] die at such a high rate\u201d - GDJ Fall 2020<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nyujournalismprojects.org\/gdjfall20\/index.php\/2020\/12\/14\/covid-19-in-new-mexico-its-almost-criminal-to-let-native-americans-die-at-such-a-high-rate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Covid-19 in New Mexico: \u201cIt\u2019s almost criminal to let [Native Americans] die at such a high rate\u201d - GDJ Fall 2020\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As the country braced for a second wave of COVID-19 cases, the rates at which Indian American and Alaskan Natives were being impacted became alarming. 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